They used a thick, gooey polymer to represent the middle mantle, and a mix of clay and the polymer for the more rigid upper ...
Lava that erupts from hotspots around the world seems to come from a similar ancestral magma, new research finds.
Traditionally, textbooks have described the mantle as a viscous, well-mixed layer that shifts along with tectonic plates, much like a conveyor belt. This theory has been a cornerstone of geology for ...
Earth's crust may "drip" into its middle layer under growing mountain ... of the crust and the relatively brittle upper layer of the mantle, gets especially thick. Mountains create a lot of ...